Citing and Referencing
Citations indicate that ideas in your writing are not yours. They direct the reader to where the original ideas were written. We use them to help the reader: (a) check that you interpreted the other work correctly, (b) get more information on the topic, or (c) accept that you have read quality articles in your field and know enough to write about the topic.
For this project, you will learn American Psychological Association (APA) format, which is used in language teaching, linguistics, and many social science fields.
Step 1: Read the style guide
Go to the Online Writing Lab at Purdue University’s section on APA format (Angeli, et al., 2010) and read through all of the sections shown in Figure 2, below.
Figure 2. Left-side toolbar from OWL APA General Format Guide (The Online Writing Lab, 2014)
You may choose to download and print the entire section about APA style from here. Beware, this is a 60-page document. If you want to print it, it may be easier for you to ‘print to file’ and have it on your computer as an XPS file (which MS XPS reader can read).
Assignment 1
Let's say you have written an article in which you refer to the following nine items. Your task is to create a reference list for them in correct APA format (including correct font, indenting, line spaces, margins, page numbers and headings). Submit your reference list to the teacher for grading.
Now move on to Stage 2 (Paraphrasing)
NOTES:
(a) You can find enough information to cite these in correct APA style by using Google or Google Scholar. (None of them is currently in APA format.)
(b) The final reference list should be in alphabetical order and not in the order 1-9 that you see below.
Items for the reference list.
Reference
Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
The Online Writing Lab (2014), Online Writing Lab, Purdue University. Retrieved from: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
Citations indicate that ideas in your writing are not yours. They direct the reader to where the original ideas were written. We use them to help the reader: (a) check that you interpreted the other work correctly, (b) get more information on the topic, or (c) accept that you have read quality articles in your field and know enough to write about the topic.
For this project, you will learn American Psychological Association (APA) format, which is used in language teaching, linguistics, and many social science fields.
Step 1: Read the style guide
Go to the Online Writing Lab at Purdue University’s section on APA format (Angeli, et al., 2010) and read through all of the sections shown in Figure 2, below.
Figure 2. Left-side toolbar from OWL APA General Format Guide (The Online Writing Lab, 2014)
You may choose to download and print the entire section about APA style from here. Beware, this is a 60-page document. If you want to print it, it may be easier for you to ‘print to file’ and have it on your computer as an XPS file (which MS XPS reader can read).
Assignment 1
Let's say you have written an article in which you refer to the following nine items. Your task is to create a reference list for them in correct APA format (including correct font, indenting, line spaces, margins, page numbers and headings). Submit your reference list to the teacher for grading.
Now move on to Stage 2 (Paraphrasing)
NOTES:
(a) You can find enough information to cite these in correct APA style by using Google or Google Scholar. (None of them is currently in APA format.)
(b) The final reference list should be in alphabetical order and not in the order 1-9 that you see below.
Items for the reference list.
- The Language Instinct, by Steven Pinker
- Cutting and Pasting: A Senior Thesis by (Insert Name), By Brent Staples
- What impact does school spending have on pupil attainment? By the Education committee of the UK parliament (www.parliament.uk.gov)
- NVIVO 10 (it’s a computer program – there is no need to download the program to get the citation information)
- Ebola virus disease, Fact sheet No. 103, World Health Organization (www.who.org ), September, 2014
- John D. Leitch, Safer Seas, 2013. Report by the national transportation safety board of the USA’s Office of Marine Safety investigations (www.ntsb.gov )
- Exploring university students' perceptions of plagiarism: a focus group study, by Judith Gulliver and Graham A Tyson, (2010)
- Reducing the incidence of plagiarism in an undergraduate course: The role of education, by Lauren Breen and Margaret Massen , published in 2005
- Flowerdew, J., & Li, Y. Plagiarism and second language writing in an electronic age. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 27. 2007
Reference
Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderlund, L., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
The Online Writing Lab (2014), Online Writing Lab, Purdue University. Retrieved from: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
